The core beliefs of Islam, often referred to as the "Articles of Faith," are the very bedrock upon which the Islamic faith is built. These fundamental tenets offer a comprehensive view of the principles that guide Muslims' spiritual and daily lives.
Belief in Allah (God) At the heart of Islamic belief is the unwavering conviction in a single, all-encompassing God, Allah. Allah is not just the creator but the eternal sustainer of the universe. This belief in Tawhid— the absolute oneness of God—rejects any form of polytheism or association of partners with Him. As stated in the Hadith, “The most complete believers in faith are those who are best in conduct and kindest to their families” (Sahih al-Bukhari), reflecting the profound relationship Muslims maintain with their Creator.
Belief in Angels The existence of angels is a key component of Islamic doctrine. These celestial beings, created from light, serve as Allah's messengers and agents. Among them, Gabriel (Jibril) holds a prominent place, having conveyed divine revelations to the prophets. This belief is underscored by the Hadith where the Prophet Muhammad recounts, “The Angel Jibril (Gabriel) came to me and said, ‘O Muhammad, live as you wish, for you will die; love whom you will, for you will part with him; and know that the honor of the believer is his praying at night, and his pride is his being self-sufficient’” (Sunan Ibn Majah).
Belief in the Prophets Islam recognizes a succession of prophets who were sent to guide humanity. Prophet Muhammad is revered as the final prophet in a long line that includes figures such as Abraham (Ibrahim), Moses (Musa), and Jesus (Isa). His finality is emphasized in the Hadith, “I am the last of the Prophets, and there will be no Prophet after me” (Sahih al-Bukhari), highlighting the culmination of divine guidance through him.
Belief in the Holy Books The divine scriptures play a crucial role in Islamic faith. The Quran, revealed to Prophet Muhammad, is the ultimate and most complete revelation. Earlier scriptures, including the Torah (Tawrat) given to Moses, the Psalms (Zabur) given to David, and the Gospel (Injil) given to Jesus, are also revered. As the Prophet Muhammad said, “The Quran is the ultimate source of guidance, and the best among you are those who learn the Quran and teach it” (Sahih al-Bukhari).
Belief in the Day of Judgment Islam teaches that a Day of Judgment awaits all humanity, a day when everyone will be resurrected and held accountable for their deeds. This eschatological belief is alluded to in the Hadith: “The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from the west” (Sahih al-Bukhari), indicating the profound transformations that will precede the final reckoning.
Belief in Qadar (Divine Decree) The concept of Qadar encompasses the belief in divine preordainment. Everything that occurs is within Allah’s knowledge and control. The Hadith reflects this belief: “Know that what has happened to you was not going to miss you, and what missed you was not going to happen to you” (Sunan Ibn Majah), illustrating the acceptance of Allah’s will and wisdom in all matters.
Belief in Life After Death Life extends beyond the physical realm according to Islamic belief. After death, individuals will either be rewarded with eternal paradise or face punishment. The Hadith states, “When a man dies, his deeds come to an end except for three: a continuous charity, beneficial knowledge, or a righteous child who prays for him” (Sahih Muslim), emphasizing the enduring impact of one's actions beyond this life.
These core beliefs are not just theoretical constructs but are lived experiences that shape the spiritual and everyday practices of Muslims around the world. Understanding these principles provides a deeper insight into the essence of Islam and its profound impact on its followers.
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